Functional expression of the ectoine hydroxylase gene (thpD) from Streptomyces chrysomallus in Halomonas elongata.

A blueprint of ectoine metabolism from the genome of the industrial producer Halomonas elongata DSM 2581T

The halophilic γ-proteobacterium Halomonas elongata DSM 2581(T) thrives at high salinity by synthesizing and accumulating the compatible solute ectoine. Ectoine levels are highly regulated according to external salt levels but the overall picture of its metabolism and control is not well understood. Apart from its critical role in cell adaptation to halophilic environments, ectoine can be used ...

Detection of the ectC Gene in Halomonas Strains by Polymerase Chain Reaction

1, 4, 5, 6-Tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidine carboxylic acid (ectoine) is an excellent osmoprotectant. Ectoine and hydroxyl ectoines are of great significance to the biotechnology industry, thus the detection and isolation of ectoine producing bacteria is of great importance. Hence, this study involved the detection of the ectC gene (encoding ectoin synthase enzyme) using polymerase chain reacti...

Osmoprotectants in Halomonas elongata: high-affinity betaine transport system and choline-betaine pathway.

The osmoregulatory pathways of the moderately halophilic bacterium Halomonas elongata DSM 3043 have been investigated. This strain grew optimally at 1.5 to 2 M NaCl in M63 glucose-defined medium. It required at least 0.5 M NaCl for growth, which is a higher concentration than that exhibited by the H. elongata type strain ATCC 33173. Externally provided betaine, choline, or choline-O-sulfate (bu...

Halomonas elongata Moderately Halophilic Eubacterium, for Ectoine as a Compatible Solute in a Characterization of Biosynthetic Enzymes

Biochemical Properties of Ectoine Hydroxylases from Extremophiles and Their Wider Taxonomic Distribution among Microorganisms

Ectoine and hydroxyectoine are well-recognized members of the compatible solutes and are widely employed by microorganisms as osmostress protectants. The EctABC enzymes catalyze the synthesis of ectoine from the precursor L-aspartate-β-semialdehyde. A subgroup of the ectoine producers can convert ectoine into 5-hydroxyectoine through a region-selective and stereospecific hydroxylation reaction....